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Jérôme Delacotte
2025-03-06 11:15:32 +01:00
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libraries/Adafruit_LiquidCrystal/Adafruit_LiquidCrystal.cpp Normal file
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/*!
* @file Adafruit_LiquidCrystal.cpp
*
* @mainpage Adafruit LiquidCrystal Library
*
* @section intro_sec Introduction
*
* Fork of LiquidCrystal HD44780-compatible LCD driver library, now with support
* for ATtiny85.
*
* @section author Author
*
* Written by Limor Fried/Ladyada for Adafruit Industries.
*
* @section license License
*
* BSD license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
*/
#include "Adafruit_LiquidCrystal.h"
// FOR Arduino Due
#if !defined(_BV)
#define _BV(bit) (1 << (bit)) //!< bitshifts 1 over by 'bit' binary places
#endif
// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:
//
// 1. Display clear
// 2. Function set:
// DL = 1; 8-bit interface data
// N = 0; 1-line display
// F = 0; 5x8 dot character font
// 3. Display on/off control:
// D = 0; Display off
// C = 0; Cursor off
// B = 0; Blinking off
// 4. Entry mode set:
// I/D = 1; Increment by 1
// S = 0; No shift
//
// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we
// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
// Adafruit_LiquidCrystal constructor is called).
Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::Adafruit_LiquidCrystal(
uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw, uint8_t enable, uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2,
uint8_t d3, uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7) {
init(0, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
}
Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::Adafruit_LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1,
uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3,
uint8_t d4, uint8_t d5,
uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7) {
init(0, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7);
}
Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::Adafruit_LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw,
uint8_t enable, uint8_t d0,
uint8_t d1, uint8_t d2,
uint8_t d3) {
init(1, rs, rw, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
}
Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::Adafruit_LiquidCrystal(uint8_t rs, uint8_t enable,
uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1,
uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3) {
init(1, rs, 255, enable, d0, d1, d2, d3, 0, 0, 0, 0);
}
Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::Adafruit_LiquidCrystal(uint8_t i2caddr, TwoWire *wire) {
_i2cAddr = i2caddr <= 0x07 ? 0x20 | i2caddr : i2caddr;
_wire = wire;
_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
// the I/O expander pinout
_rs_pin = 1;
_rw_pin = 255;
_enable_pin = 2;
_data_pins[0] = 3; // really d4
_data_pins[1] = 4; // really d5
_data_pins[2] = 5; // really d6
_data_pins[3] = 6; // really d7
// we can't begin() yet :(
}
Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::Adafruit_LiquidCrystal(uint8_t data, uint8_t clock,
uint8_t latch) {
_i2cAddr = 255;
_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
// the SPI expander pinout
_rs_pin = 1;
_rw_pin = 255;
_enable_pin = 2;
_data_pins[0] = 6; // really d4
_data_pins[1] = 5; // really d5
_data_pins[2] = 4; // really d6
_data_pins[3] = 3; // really d7
_SPIdata = data;
_SPIclock = clock;
_SPIlatch = latch;
_SPIbuff = 0;
// we can't begin() yet :(
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::init(uint8_t fourbitmode, uint8_t rs, uint8_t rw,
uint8_t enable, uint8_t d0, uint8_t d1,
uint8_t d2, uint8_t d3, uint8_t d4,
uint8_t d5, uint8_t d6, uint8_t d7) {
_rs_pin = rs;
_rw_pin = rw;
_enable_pin = enable;
_data_pins[0] = d0;
_data_pins[1] = d1;
_data_pins[2] = d2;
_data_pins[3] = d3;
_data_pins[4] = d4;
_data_pins[5] = d5;
_data_pins[6] = d6;
_data_pins[7] = d7;
_i2cAddr = 255;
_SPIclock = _SPIdata = _SPIlatch = 255;
if (fourbitmode)
_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
else
_displayfunction = LCD_8BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
}
bool Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines,
uint8_t dotsize) {
(void)cols; // Workaround to avoid compiler warning.
// check if i2c
if (_i2cAddr != 255) {
if (!_mcp.begin_I2C(_i2cAddr, _wire))
return false;
_mcp.pinMode(7, OUTPUT); // backlight
_mcp.digitalWrite(7, HIGH); // backlight
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++)
_pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
_mcp.pinMode(_rs_pin, OUTPUT);
_mcp.pinMode(_enable_pin, OUTPUT);
} else if (_SPIclock != 255) {
pinMode(_SPIdata, OUTPUT);
pinMode(_SPIclock, OUTPUT);
pinMode(_SPIlatch, OUTPUT);
_SPIbuff = 0x80; // backlight
} else {
pinMode(_rs_pin, OUTPUT);
// we can save 1 pin by not using RW. Indicate by passing 255 instead of
// pin#
if (_rw_pin != 255) {
pinMode(_rw_pin, OUTPUT);
}
pinMode(_enable_pin, OUTPUT);
}
if (lines > 1) {
_displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;
}
_numlines = lines;
_currline = 0;
// for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font
if ((dotsize != 0) && (lines == 1)) {
_displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;
}
// SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!
// according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V
// before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way befer 4.5V so we'll wait
// 50
delayMicroseconds(50000);
// Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands
_digitalWrite(_rs_pin, LOW);
_digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
if (_rw_pin != 255) {
_digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
}
// put the LCD into 4 bit or 8 bit mode
if (!(_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE)) {
// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
// figure 24, pg 46
// we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
// second try
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms
// third go!
write4bits(0x03);
delayMicroseconds(150);
// finally, set to 8-bit interface
write4bits(0x02);
} else {
// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet
// page 45 figure 23
// Send function set command sequence
command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait more than 4.1ms
// second try
command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
delayMicroseconds(150);
// third go
command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
}
// finally, set # lines, font size, etc.
command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);
// turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default
_displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;
display();
// clear it off
clear();
// Initialize to default text direction (for romance languages)
_displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;
// set the entry mode
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
return true;
}
/********** high level commands, for the user! */
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::clear() {
command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY); // clear display, set cursor position to zero
delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::home() {
command(LCD_RETURNHOME); // set cursor position to zero
delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row) {
int row_offsets[] = {0x00, 0x40, 0x14, 0x54};
if (row > _numlines) {
row = _numlines - 1; // we count rows starting w/0
}
command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + row_offsets[row]));
}
// Turn the display on/off (quickly)
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::noDisplay() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::display() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// Turns the underline cursor on/off
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::noCursor() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::cursor() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// Turn on and off the blinking cursor
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::noBlink() {
_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::blink() {
_displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;
command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);
}
// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {
command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::scrollDisplayRight(void) {
command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);
}
// This is for text that flows Left to Right
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::leftToRight(void) {
_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This is for text that flows Right to Left
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::rightToLeft(void) {
_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::autoscroll(void) {
_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::noAutoscroll(void) {
_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;
command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);
}
// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations
// with custom characters
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {
location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7
command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
write(charmap[i]);
}
}
/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */
inline void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::command(uint8_t value) { send(value, LOW); }
#if ARDUINO >= 100
inline size_t Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::write(uint8_t value) {
send(value, HIGH);
return 1;
}
#else
inline void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::write(uint8_t value) { send(value, HIGH); }
#endif
/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
// little wrapper for i/o writes
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::_digitalWrite(uint8_t p, uint8_t d) {
if (_i2cAddr != 255) {
// an i2c command
_mcp.digitalWrite(p, d);
} else if (_SPIclock != 255) {
if (d == HIGH)
_SPIbuff |= (1 << p);
else
_SPIbuff &= ~(1 << p);
digitalWrite(_SPIlatch, LOW);
shiftOut(_SPIdata, _SPIclock, MSBFIRST, _SPIbuff);
digitalWrite(_SPIlatch, HIGH);
} else {
// straightup IO
digitalWrite(p, d);
}
}
// Allows to set the backlight, if the LCD backpack is used
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::setBacklight(uint8_t value) {
// check if i2c or SPI
if ((_i2cAddr != 255) || (_SPIclock != 255)) {
// backlight is on pin 7
if (value)
_digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
else
_digitalWrite(7, LOW);
}
}
// little wrapper for i/o directions
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::_pinMode(uint8_t p, uint8_t d) {
if (_i2cAddr != 255) {
// an i2c command
_mcp.pinMode(p, d);
} else if (_SPIclock != 255) {
// nothing!
} else {
// straightup IO
pinMode(p, d);
}
}
// write either command or data, with automatic 4/8-bit selection
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::send(uint8_t value, boolean mode) {
_digitalWrite(_rs_pin, mode);
// if there is a RW pin indicated, set it low to Write
if (_rw_pin != 255) {
_digitalWrite(_rw_pin, LOW);
}
if (_displayfunction & LCD_8BITMODE) {
write8bits(value);
} else {
write4bits(value >> 4);
write4bits(value);
}
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::pulseEnable(void) {
_digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(1);
_digitalWrite(_enable_pin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(1); // enable pulse must be >450ns
_digitalWrite(_enable_pin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(100); // commands need > 37us to settle
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::write4bits(uint8_t value) {
if (_i2cAddr != 255) {
uint8_t out = 0;
out = _mcp.readGPIO();
// speed up for i2c since its sluggish
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
out &= ~_BV(_data_pins[i]);
out |= ((value >> i) & 0x1) << _data_pins[i];
}
// make sure enable is low
out &= ~_BV(_enable_pin);
_mcp.writeGPIO(out);
// pulse enable
delayMicroseconds(1);
out |= _BV(_enable_pin);
_mcp.writeGPIO(out);
delayMicroseconds(1);
out &= ~_BV(_enable_pin);
_mcp.writeGPIO(out);
delayMicroseconds(100);
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
_pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
_digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
}
pulseEnable();
}
}
void Adafruit_LiquidCrystal::write8bits(uint8_t value) {
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
_pinMode(_data_pins[i], OUTPUT);
_digitalWrite(_data_pins[i], (value >> i) & 0x01);
}
pulseEnable();
}